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Ahmed, Firoz; Aman, Julia; Islam, Mazharul. Photovoltaic for sustainable livelihoods in off-grid areas of Bangladesh. 2005 SOLAR WORLD CONGRESS, 2005, Orlando, Flórida.
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Abstract

Although the rural electricity provision is critical to economic development and improvements in the quality of life in Bangladesh, only 20% of the rural population (85% of the total population) is connected to grid. The dispersed nature of rural settlements and the difficulty of physical access stemming from numerous rivers and watercourses that crisscross the country make grid electricity cost prohibitive and technically difficult in Bangladesh. Bangladesh is richly endowed with renewable energy sources; especially sunlight is abundant year-round in this semi-tropical region. Even during the monsoon season with long daylight hours, solar radiation is as good as the annual average. Such an exciting solar energy potential has confirmed solar systems are highly decentralized and particularly suitable and economically viable for remote inaccessible areas. During the last decade, government and nongovernment organizations (NGOs), Micro finance institutions (MFIs), Community based organizations (CBOs) and private sector have been engaged in implementation and dissemination of photovoltaic (PV) system which signals excellent prospects of PV utilization in Bangladesh. For example, Grameen shakti (GS) of Grameen Group, a world class NGO is specialized and a pioneer in disseminating PV technology in the rural and remote areas. As of date GS has installed solar systems of 1.25 MW out of the total installed capacity in the country of 1.35 MW. GS has introduced soft credit mechanisms and long duration of repayment, better service , sound management and quality goods. The systems are being utilized for lighting homes, recreational purposes and income generation activities like education, charging cellular phone, lighting clinics, poultry farm, restaurants, shops etc. Although in an extended time frame the potential market has been estimated to be over 2 million households, the present rate of PV installations is not significant. Lack of awareness about the technology and high costs were identified as the major barriers to rapid expansion of PV systems. However, the present socio-economic changes with access to PV electricity are very much noteworthy This paper will highlight the success stories with solar installations in terms of living standard change of the rural people. It will also discuss the removal of barriers to accelerate dissemination of PV technology in the off-grid areas of Bangladesh.
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