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Chalfoun, N. V. Thermal comfort assessment of outdoor spaces using mrt and fish-eye lens photography of architectural scale models: a case study of the "arts oasis" plaza at the university of Arizona, USA. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PASSIVE AND LOW ENERGY ARCHITETURE, 18., 2001, Florianópolis. Anais... Florianópolis, 2001. p. 1021-1026.
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Abstract

For the last ten years the MRT program has been under-development by the author, at the University of Arizona. The program provides a numerical analysis tool to be used by designers to evaluate human thermal condition in outdoor urban spaces by predicting the impact of the radiant elements and the microclimate elements that contribute the most to the "urban heat island" phenomenon. Due to the complex geometry of urban outdoor spaces, recently, the MRT method adopted the fish-eye lens photography technique to accurately estimate a person’s view-factors which represent the spherical radiating environment acting on a 1.8 m (6’) average human figure in a specific location. This method is more precise than the previous hand calculation. While originally the method is used for existing open spaces, this paper describes a new approach by the author for the evaluation of person’s view factors in designed (non-built) urban spaces through fish-eye lens photography of scale models. The method assumes that the actual environment can be reduced in scale up to the limit of the sphere whose diameter is the size of the fish-eye lens in use. A case study of the "Arts Oasis"—a plaza on the campus of the University of Arizona—is used to demonstrate the new method. Comparison between results obtained from the real plaza to that obtained from a 1:75 (1"=6’) scale model showed close similarity with only ±10% overall margin of error. When assigning surface temperatures and microclimate data to the scale model, the method provides a design tool for thermal comfort evaluation of non-built open spaces.
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