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TIMMEREN, Arjan; Roling, Wiek. Social aspects of autarkic concepts: assessment criteria for passive low energy, and water technologies in urban planning. In:CONFERENCE ON PASSIVE AND LOW ENERGY ARCHITECTURE, 20., 2003, Santiago. Anais... Santiago: PLEA, 2003. p.1 - 7.
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Dados do autor na base InfoHab:
Número de Trabalhos: 1 (Nenhum com arquivo PDF disponível)
Citações: Nenhuma citação encontrada
Índice h: Indice h não calculado  
Co-autores: 1

Abstract

For autarkic concepts we can discern two future paths: the ones that comply with the principles of ‘the scale economy’ and concepts that follow ‘the economies of scale’. The role of sustainable technologies in this case mostly is presumed to be of major importance. One can distinguish three models for the development and supposedly successful application of these technologies: the ‘quasi-evolutionary model’, the ‘collective problem definition’ and the ‘network theory’. The accompanying so-called ‘selection-environment’ is being based on scientific technological factors, economical factors and social cultural POLITICAL factors. The present development of use of sustainable technologies can be described as processes in accordance with the quasi-evolutionary model in combination with the network theory. The historical development and the scaling-up of technologies based on prevailing paradigms determine its quasi-evolutionary nature. Besides of that there is a matter of a small but strong network with one or two dominant ‘actors’ for each of the different circuits or ‘flows’. In the end, the necessary threshold to a sustainable society is being hindered by these separated circuits: new sustainable technologies are continually being developed in all sectors, but the assimilation by society often falters. The main goal actually should be the collective problem definition by all ‘actors’, by a broadening of the ‘process networks’. There is however a matter of the ‘Collingridge dilemma’: when a technology is still young, the social implications are barely known and if the social implications are known, the technology is indebted in such a way that it is impossible to adapt it to the desires of the different actors. To resolve this dilemma it is necessary to reflect fundamentally the societal conditions of the needed approach to implement this sustainable or even autarkic technology. A topic of interest is the lack of integration of the different ‘flows’ on which autarky is being claimed. Combinatorial effects are not always taken into consideration. At the scale of an urban district it will be easier to realise and maintain the pursued replacement of the existing technologies by natural-, decentralised solutions. This paper focuses on the problem which main grounds form the basis of the commonly experienced difficulties to realise far-reaching sustainable urban areas and –concepts using new, passive- and active-, sometimes even scientifically proven, sustainable techniques and concepts at different scales. It observes the practice of paradigms that force further development of urban areas and technologies. To realise real sustainable urban development, or even autarkic concepts it tries to prove the need for paradigm-shifts. Apart from this problem of forcing paradigms it observes the problem of so-called ‘dominant actors’, which obstruct the introduction of divergent, sustainable concepts and technologies as a result of a certain ‘fear’ for the unknown and/or precedents. The oral presentation will show two exemplary casestudies in the Netherlands: the 'Deep Green' urban district of Lanxmeer in Culemborgand an innovative planning model for the realisation of an 'ecological-cultural (Ecu)-village' in the Netherlands.
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