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Burch, Jay. An assessment of unglazed solar domestic water heaters. 2005 SOLAR WORLD CONGRESS, 2005, Orlando, Flórida.
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Abstract

This paper investigates cost-performance tradeoffs in replacing glazed collectors with unglazed ones in solar domestic water heaters (SDWH). The collector models are based upon accepted test standards, with the unglazed model explicitly including wind and sky infrared flux. A conventional glycol system is modeled, with glazed and unglazed collectors. Annual efficiency for a 40-ft2, unglazed SDWH is approximately constant across the United States at 21±1%. This efficiency is slightly more than 1/2 that of an equal-sized glazed system with selective absorber coating, and ~2/3 that of a glazed system with nonselective coating. Considering an SDWH system, exchanging glazed collectors for unglazed ones of the same size generally increases the cost of saved energy (Csav, defined as total-cost/total-savings). However, if the unglazed collector area Aungl is increased to compensate for reduced performance, Csav may significantly decrease, as long as Aungl/Aglaz < ~5. General expressions for Csav,ungl/Csav,glaz are derived for cases of equal collector area and equal savings (where the unglazed area is increased until savings are equal). If larger areas are not problematic, unglazed SDWH can offer lower Csav at lower first cost.
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